新型智能球罐焊接机器人视觉传感器的研究

为实现智能球罐焊接机器人的自主运动与焊缝自动跟踪 ,研制了一种新型视觉传感器。该传感器以高分辨率线阵 CCD芯片为核心 ,由光源、滤光片、透镜等光学系统及 CCD驱动电路、光电信号处理电路等组成 ,其中光电处理电路全部由硬件实现。整个视觉传感系统可以避免焊接时弧光的干扰 ,实时、准确地检测出焊缝轨迹线偏差信号 ,具有实时性强、鲁棒性好、成本低、重量轻等优点。借助所研制的视觉传感器 ,球罐焊接机器人能够实现沿焊缝的自主运动和焊炬与焊缝的自动对中 ,满足球罐多层多道焊接工艺要求 ,实现球罐焊接作业的智能化、自动化     

着火油罐辐射热传递过程实验研究

通过对直径D=1 m、 1.5 m、2.7 m全掀顶油罐着火特性实验研究,分别得出汽油、柴油的火焰形状,及距油罐1D、1.5D的火焰辐射强度和温度动态分布数据,对直径1 m的相邻油罐,得出在火灾辐射场中其壁面温度分布和罐体内部压力及温度动态变化曲线,研究内容对修订我国相关消防规范和工程设计提供参考,同时为开展数值模拟提供参照标准。     

纳米钛白粉改性丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料的制备及其紫外线耐候性能

利用γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570硅烷)实现了对金红石型纳米TiO2的表面处理,对表面处理前后纳米TiO2粉体的形貌及粒度分布状况进行了表征.将处理后的钛白粉加入到航空油罐所用的丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料中进行改性,研究了改性涂料的紫外线耐候性能.研究表明,表面处理可使钛白粉粉体的分散性能得到显著改善.经纳米TiO2改性后,丙烯酸聚氨酯涂料的紫外线耐候性能均得到了不同程度地提高.在涂料中添加5wt;的纳米TiO2并配合使用0.5wt;的纳米SiO2进行改性时,涂膜的紫外线耐候性能较好.     

Experimental studies on the dynamic stability of liquid in a spherical tank covered with diaphragm under vertical excitation

Experimental studies are conducted on the liquid sloshing characteristics in a spherical tank covered with a flexible diaphragm. A spherical acrylic tank with 145.2 mm radius is used as a test tank, and is filled with water. Silicon diaphragms, plane or hemispherical type, with 0.2 mm thickness are used as test diaphragms. The test tank is harmonically excited in the vertical direction by an electro-dynamic exciter. During the test, vibrations due to parametric instability occur when the excitation frequency is twice the natural frequency. Parametric instability regions for some natural modes are measured and are presented in the excitation frequency–excitation acceleration diagram for three cases: liquid surface is uncovered (i.e., free surface), covered with a plane diaphragm, and covered with a hemispherical diaphragm, with the volume of filling water being changed appropriately.     

对流湍流池Fried相干长度的光学结构

利用不同的方法，测量并比较了用自适应光学补偿实验的对流湍流池的相干长度，给出到达角起伏谱和起伏方差的概率分布，结果表明，在对流湍流池中，光束的到达角起伏谱满足“－８／３”幂，由于相位起伏服从正态分布，因此到达角起伏的方差呈Ｘ＾２分布，到达角起伏在水平和垂直方向上的谱完全一致表明了湍流池湍流的各向同性特征，相干长度与对流湍流池上下温差的实验结果，符合以往对流湍流池的流体力学和热力学相心关系。     

Dynamic analysis of baffled fuel‐storage tanks using the ALE finite element method

This paper is concerned with the parametric investigation on the structural dynamic response of moving fuel‐storage tanks with baffles. Since the structural dynamic behaviour is strongly coupled with interior liquid motion, the design of a fuel‐storage tank securing the structural stability becomes the appropriate suppression of the flow motion, which is in turn related to the baffle design. In order to numerically investigate the parametric dynamic characteristics of moving tanks, we employ the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) finite element method that is widely being used to deal with the problems with free surface, moving boundary, large deformation and interface contact. Following the theoretical and numerical formulations of fluid‐structure interaction problems, we present parametric numerical results of a cylindrical fuel‐storage tank moving with uniform vertical acceleration, with respect to the baffle number and location, and the inner‐hole diameter. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

流动注射分析中混合釜体积与进样量的关系

在流路系统和载流速一定且进样体积不大于反应器体积的０．４５倍时，系统混合釜总体积Ｖｍ与进样体积Ｓｖ的关系可表示为：Ｖｍ＝（ａ＋ｂＳｖ）／（１＋Ｓｖ），ａ和ｂ为与实验条件有关的常数。单体积为定值，与进样体积无关，在流路系统和进样体积一定时，混合釜总体积为定值，与载流流速无关。     

标准金属量器液位图像识别装置的研制

在使用标准金属量器对液体进行计量过程中,传统的人工读取液位的方法测量效率和准确度都比较低。提出了一种高精度的标准量器液位图像识别装置,该装置主要由水平调整和图像处理两部分组成,选用S3C2440 ARM芯片和Linux嵌入式系统作为硬、软件平台。水平调整是通过SCA100T双轴倾角传感器测量量器的倾角并控制步进电机自动调整;对采集的液位图像,由OpenCV进行灰度化、滤波、边缘检测、液位提取,再经过标定计算转换成实际液位高度。实验结果表明该方法能快速测量液位,精度高,应用于燃油加油机计量检定装置上,有较好的推广价值。     

Vibration transmission from internal structures to the tank of an oil-filled power transformer

The vibration of a transformer tank is related to the transformer’s noise radiation and health condition. Therefore, it is important to understand the transmission of vibration from internal vibration sources in the windings and core to the transformer tank. The characteristics of this transmission are determined by direct mechanical coupling between the internal structures and the tank, and by indirect coupling through fluid–structure interaction induced by the transformer’s cooling oil. In this paper, the transmission of vibration is examined experimentally in a 110-kV power transformer with and without cooling oil. Under respective mechanical and electrical excitations, vibrations of the internal structures and transformer tank are measured simultaneously. The results allow an evaluation of the transmission efficiency of vibration from the internal structures to the tank, and the effects of fluid–structure coupling on the transmission. This experimental work improves understanding of vibration transmission in oil-filled power transformers, and explains the characteristics of a transformer’s on-line vibration.     

模拟研究推流式曝气池内横向水流对气泡生成的影响

应用限制项改进Level Set方法的容积守恒性.以改进的Level Set方法,结合ALE数值算法,三维模拟研究了推流式曝气池内横向水流对气泡生成的影响.模拟结果与文献中实验结果定性符合.数值结果显示,曝气池内横向水流对气泡的生成过程有重要的影响:气泡生成的尺寸和时间随着水流速度的增加而减小,随着曝气速度的增加而增加.该研究从流体动力学角度为提高活性污泥法处理效率提供了理论依据.